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A toy kaleidoscope. A kaleidoscope (/ k ə ˈ l aɪ d ə s k oʊ p /) is an optical instrument with two or more reflecting surfaces (or mirrors) tilted to each other at an angle, so that one or more (parts of) objects on one end of these mirrors are shown as a symmetrical pattern when viewed from the other end, due to repeated reflection.
Radar in World War II greatly influenced many important aspects of the conflict. [1] This revolutionary new technology of radio-based detection and tracking was used by both the Allies and Axis powers in World War II , which had evolved independently in a number of nations during the mid 1930s. [ 2 ]
A Londoner pointing a torch at the ground during a blackout to find her way home at night in 1940 Blackout regulations in Norwich, England during the First World War. During World War II, the Air Ministry had forecast that Britain would suffer night air bombing attacks causing large numbers of civilian casualties and mass destruction. It was ...
World War II [b] or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war .
In World War II and earlier submarines, it was the only means of gathering target data to accurately fire a torpedo, since sonar was not yet sufficiently advanced for this purpose (ranging with sonar required emission of an acoustic "ping" that gave away the location of the submarine) and most torpedoes were unguided.
Technology played a significant role in World War II.Some of the technologies used during the war were developed during the interwar years of the 1920s and 1930s. Many were developed in response to needs and lessons learned during the war, and others were beginning to their development as the war ended.
Cryptography was used extensively during World War II because of the importance of radio communication and the ease of radio interception. The nations involved fielded a plethora of code and cipher systems, many of the latter using rotor machines .
The reasons for people collaborating with the enemy in wartime vary. In World War II, collaborators with Nazi Germany were found in Stalin's Soviet Union [46] and in other Western European countries, [47] and Japanese collaborators operated in China. [48]