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[3] [4] It is a fallacy of groupism and a process of racial dominance that has lasting harmful or damaging outcomes for racialized groups. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] An associated term is self-racialization, which refers to the practice by dominant groups to justify and defend their dominant status or to deny its existence.
Racial formation theory is an analytical tool in sociology, developed by Michael Omi and Howard Winant, which is used to look at race as a socially constructed identity, where the content and importance of racial categories are determined by social, economic, and political forces. [1]
[1] [2] [3] It may also mean prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against other people because they are of a different ethnic background. [2] Modern variants of racism are often based in social perceptions of biological differences between peoples.
A racialized society is a society that has undergone strong racialization, where perceived race matters profoundly for life experiences, opportunities, and interpersonal relationships. A racialized society can also be said to be "a society that allocates differential economic , political , social , and even psychological rewards to groups along ...
Race is a categorization of humans based on shared physical or social qualities into groups generally viewed as distinct within a given society. [1] The term came into common usage during the 16th century, when it was used to refer to groups of various kinds, including those characterized by close kinship relations. [2]
It defines "white people" as "people having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa". [6] The Federal Bureau of Investigation uses the same definition. [7] The definition actually does vary and is also published as "a light skinned race", which avoids inclusion of any sort of nationality or ethnicity. [8]
Agency is the idea that a person's life outcomes are significantly influenced by their own individual efforts. Social structure is the idea that life outcomes are significantly influenced by the individual's race, class, gender, social status, inherited wealth, legal situation, and many other factors that are outside the individual's control.
knowing someone's "race" does not provide comprehensive predictive information about biological characteristics, and only absolutely predicts those traits that have been selected to define the racial categories, e.g. knowing a person's skin color, which is generally acknowledged to be one of the markers of race (or taken as a defining ...