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When Prophecy Fails: A Social and Psychological Study of a Modern Group That Predicted the Destruction of the World is a classic work of social psychology by Leon Festinger, Henry Riecken, and Stanley Schachter, published in 1956, detailing a study of a small UFO religion in Chicago called the Seekers that believed in an imminent apocalypse.
The theory was proposed by Leon Festinger to describe the formation of new beliefs and increased proselytizing in order to reduce the tension, or dissonance, that results from failed prophecies. [46] According to the theory, believers experienced tension following the failure of Jesus's reappearance in 1844, which led to a variety of new ...
Disconfirmed expectancy is a psychological term for what is commonly known as a failed prophecy.According to the American social psychologist Leon Festinger's theory of cognitive dissonance, disconfirmed expectancies create a state of psychological discomfort because the outcome contradicts expectancy.
Knowledge Elite and the Failure of Prophecy is a 1985 book by Eva Etzioni-Halevy in which the author studies intellectual knowledge in contemporary societies. Eliška Freiová, Bryan S. Turner , and George Becker have reviewed the book.
One account stated that Clarke's laws were developed after the editor of his works in French started numbering the author's assertions. [2] All three laws appear in Clarke's essay "Hazards of Prophecy: The Failure of Imagination", first published in Profiles of the Future (1962); [3] however, they were not all published at the same time.
The opposite of the "self-defeating prophecy" then, is the "self-fulfilling prophecy", when an originally unfounded prophecy turns out to be correct because it is believed and acted upon. [ 7 ] The distinction implied between manifest and latent functions was devised to preclude the unintentional confusion between conscious motivations for our ...
The passing of 1975 without obvious incident left the Watch Tower Society open to new claims of prophetic failure. Instead of maintaining the prophetic significance of that year, however, the group's leaders embarked on a lengthy period of denial and purge, blaming rank-and-file membership for misreading the organization's interpretations. [16]
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