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Temperature vs time plots, showing the Mpemba Effect. The Mpemba effect is the observation that a liquid (typically water) that is initially hot can freeze faster than the same liquid which begins cold, under otherwise similar conditions.
A cooling curve is a line graph that represents the change of phase of matter, typically from a gas to a solid or a liquid to a solid. The independent variable (X-axis) is time and the dependent variable (Y-axis) is temperature. [1] Below is an example of a cooling curve used in castings.
This Wikipedia page provides a comprehensive list of boiling and freezing points for various solvents.
A typical phase diagram.The solid green line applies to most substances; the dashed green line gives the anomalous behavior of water. In thermodynamics, the triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of that substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium. [1]
In the above equation, T F is the normal freezing point of the pure solvent (273 K for water, for example); a liq is the activity of the solvent in the solution (water activity for aqueous solution); ΔH fus T F is the enthalpy change of fusion of the pure solvent at T F, which is 333.6 J/g for water at 273 K; ΔC fus p is the difference ...
The low temperatures cause the water to freeze instantly. A person in Saskatchewan, Canada, can be seen tossing water into the bitter cold temperatures. Watch moment water freezes in mid-air as ...
Supercooled water, still in liquid state Start of solidification as a result of leaving the state of rest. Supercooling, [1] also known as undercooling, [2] [3] is the process of lowering the temperature of a liquid below its freezing point without it becoming a solid.
What to do when water pipes freeze. Here are tips from The Red Cross. If you turn on a faucet and only a trickle comes out, suspect a frozen pipe. Likely places for frozen pipes include against ...