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The Federal Republic of Germany has a plural multi-party system.Historically, the largest by members and parliament seats are the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), with its sister party, the Christian Social Union (CSU) and Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).
While East-Germany was under a single-party system, there was only a brief period when the SPD governed West-Germany alone on a federal level as a minority party following the dissolution of its coalition with the FDP in 1982. [45] Otherwise, all governments in West- and post-reunification Germany have been coalitions between two or more parties.
By the end of 1955 the CDU/CSU (political union of the parties of the Christian Democratic Union and the Christian Social Union) together with the German party (German: Deutsche Partei (DP)) brought forward a first draft outlining a possible majority voting system. According to this draft 60 percent of the mandates were supposed to be ...
A party system is a concept in comparative political science concerning the system of government by political parties in a democratic country. The idea is that political parties have basic similarities: they control the government, have a stable base of mass popular support, and create internal mechanisms for controlling funding, information and nominations.
Germany has a multi-party system with two historically strong political parties and some other third parties also represented in the Bundestag. Since 1990, and including the results of the most recent federal election in 2021, just six main political parties have managed to secure representation in the Bundestag (counting the CDU and CSU as one ...
Germany's federal system comprises 16 state parliaments (the German terms are Landtag in large states, Bürgerschaft in Bremen and Hamburg, and Abgeordnetenhaus in Berlin), each including directly elected representatives.
For a long time Germany politics used a classic two-and-half system with Union parties and Social Democrats (SPD) playing the roles of the major parties, with Free Democratic Party (FDP) being a near-perfect example of the "half": while FDP never got more that 14% of the seats, it was part of the government for 41 years out of the first 53 post-war years.
Despite heavy losses since 1990, the SPD is still the largest party in Germany, ahead of the CDU. Although strongly leftist, the SPD was willing to compromise. Only through its support did the governing CDU/CSU pass a denazification law that its coalition partner the Free Democratic Party (FDP) and the far-right German Party voted against. [30]