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At its essence, social capital is rooted in the understanding that social relationships are invaluable assets, capable of catalysing positive and productive actions while curbing counterproductive and negative behaviors.
We have extensive resources on social capital theory including hundreds of our own open access articles, reports, and white papers. Our work brings together the extensive literature and extends and clarifies the theory.
Social capital can be described most simply as the aspects of social context (the “social” bit) that have productive benefits (the “capital” bit). Social capital arises from the human capacity to consider others, to think and act generously and cooperatively.
The commonalities of most definitions of social capital are that they focus on social relations that have productive benefits. The variety of definitions identified in the literature stem from the highly context specific nature of social capital and the complexity of its conceptualization and operationalization.
Social capital can give us access to tangible and intangible resources, benefits, productivity and savings, and these can be any form of capital (physical, human, social, etc). At the individual level social capital is embedded in social relationships.
Bridging social capital – ties between individuals which cross social divides or between social groups. From a network perspective bridging social capital places the actors at structural holes where each is able to tap into the social network resources of each others social group.
Social capital is aspects of social context (the “social” bit) that have productive benefits (the “capital” bit). It includes the store of solidarity or goodwill between people and groups of people.
The opportunity may be the existence of social relationships, the motivation may be norms and values, and capability may be the benefit that is realised. The sources of social capital have both long-term and short-term aspects: society is not built in a day, but every action or interaction influences social capital.
We have extensive resources on social capital theory, including hundreds of our own open-access articles, reports, and white papers. Our work brings together the extensive literature and extends and clarifies the theory.
Bourdieu’s conceptualization is grounded in theories of social reproduction and symbolic power. Bourdieu’s work emphasizes structural constraints and unequal access to institutional resources based on class, gender, and race.