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Turkish grammar (Turkish: Türkçe dil bilgisi), as described in this article, is the grammar of standard Turkish as spoken and written by the majority of people in the Republic of Türkiye. Turkish is a highly agglutinative language , in that much of the grammar is expressed by means of suffixes added to nouns and verbs .
Turkish "to be" as regular/auxiliary verb and "to be" as copula (imek) contrasts. The auxiliary verb imek ( i- is the root ) shows its existence only through suffixes to predicates that can be nouns , adjectives or arguably conjugated verb stems , arguably being the only irregular verb in Turkish.
Below table shows the conjugation of a negative verb, and a positive complex verb expressing ability. In Turkish, complex verbs can be constructed by adding a variety of suffixes to the base root of a verb. The two verbs are یازممق yazmamaq (not to write) and سوهبلمك sevebilmek (to be able to love). [9]
Turkish vocabulary is the set of words within the Turkish language. The language widely uses agglutination and suffixes to form words from noun and verb stems. Besides native Turkic words, Turkish vocabulary is rich in loanwords from Arabic , Persian , French and other languages.
Persian has some features of agglutination, making use of prefixes and suffixes attached to the stems of verbs and nouns. Persian is an SOV language, thus having a head-final phrase structure. [3] Persian utilizes a noun root + plural suffix + case suffix + post-position suffix syntax similar to Turkish.
Turkish verbs conjugate for past, present and future, with a variety of aspects and moods. Arabic verbs have past and non-past; future can be indicated by a prefix. Korean verbs have a variety of affixed forms which can be described as representing present, past and future tenses, although they can alternatively be considered to be aspectual.
A verb that does not follow all of the standard conjugation patterns of the language is said to be an irregular verb. The system of all conjugated variants of a particular verb or class of verbs is called a verb paradigm; this may be presented in the form of a conjugation table.
Pages in category "Turkish words and phrases" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 253 total. This list may not reflect recent changes .