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11S globulin family is a family of globulin proteins chiefly found in seeds of legumes (legumin-like), [1] along with 7S family, often found in a protein fraction within a protein isolate. They are used as storage of important nutrients for plant growth, and therefore hardy enough to pass through the human digestive system unscathed.
Thomas Burr Osborne at the end of the 19th century was the first person to systematically study seed storage proteins by their solubility characteristics. He established 4 classes of proteins: water-soluble albumins; salt soluble globulins: vicilin—typically having sedimentation coefficients, S values (a measure of the protein mass determined by sedimentation equilibrium ultracentrifugation ...
The sedimentation coefficient is typically dependent on the concentration of the solute (i.e. a macromolecular solute such as a protein). Despite 80+ years of study, there is not yet a consensus on the way to perfectly model this relationship while also taking into account all possible non-ideal terms to account for the diverse possible sizes, shapes, and densities of molecular solutes. [2]
They are classified as 11S globulins based on their sedimentation coefficient, and are salt soluble neutral glycoproteins. [2] [3] Their molecular weights range from 20 to 40 kDa. They comprise up to 50–70% of the total seed protein. Cruciferin is a comparatively larger seed storage protein than napin. It is composed of two polypeptide chains ...
A laboratory ultracentrifuge. In chemistry, a Svedberg unit or svedberg (symbol S, sometimes Sv [a]) is a non-SI metric unit for sedimentation coefficients.The Svedberg unit offers a measure of a particle's size indirectly based on its sedimentation rate under acceleration (i.e. how fast a particle of given size and shape settles out of suspension). [1]
The first and second terms on the right-hand side of the Lamm equation are proportional to D and sω 2, respectively, and describe the competing processes of diffusion and sedimentation. Whereas sedimentation seeks to concentrate the solute near the outer radius of the cell, diffusion seeks to equalize the solute concentration throughout the cell.
where t is the time, c is the solute concentration (moles per unit length in the z-direction), and the parameters D, s, and g represent the solute diffusion constant, sedimentation coefficient and the (presumed constant) acceleration of gravity, respectively. The Mason–Weaver equation is complemented by the boundary conditions
Sedimentation depends on mass, shape, and partial specific volume of a macromolecule, as well as solvent density, rotor size and rate of rotation. The sedimentation velocity can be monitored during the experiment to calculate molecular weight. Values of sedimentation coefficient (S) can be calculated. Large values of S (faster sedimentation ...