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Khutbah (Arabic: خطبة, khuṭbah; Persian: خطبه, khotbeh; Turkish: hutbe) serves as the primary formal occasion for public preaching in the Islamic tradition. Such sermons occur regularly, as prescribed by the teachings of all legal schools. The Islamic tradition can be formally observed at the Dhuhr (noon) congregation prayer on Friday.
The Sermon for Necessities (Arabic: خطبة الحاجة; transliterated as Khutbat-ul-Haajah) is a popular sermon in the Islamic world (particularly as the introduction to a khutbah during Jumu'ah). It is used as an introduction to numerous undertakings of a Muslim.
In the Islamic world, the term khutba wa sikka (Arabic: خطبة و سكة, lit. 'sermon and currency') referred to the two key attributes of sovereignty : [ 1 ] minting coins (especially of gold or silver) in one's own name, and being named in the khutba , [ 2 ] the sermon that precedes the Friday prayer .
The Farewell Sermon (Arabic: خطبة الوداع, Khuṭbatu l-Widāʿ) also known as Muhammad's Final Sermon or the Last Sermon, is a religious speech, delivered by the Islamic prophet Muhammad on Friday the 9th of Dhu al-Hijjah, 10 AH (6 March 632 [1]) in the Uranah valley of Mount Arafat, during the Islamic pilgrimage of Hajj.
In 2017, an English translation of Khutbat-e-madras was produced by Professor Abdur Rahim Kidwai of Aligarh Muslim University and published by Pharos Media under the title of Prophet Muhammad – the Role Model as the first of a series of planned translations of the Urdu-language works of Syed Sulaiman Nadwi.
Muhammad delivered his final Friday sermon , known as the Farewell Sermon, to more than 100,000 Sahaba, before leading the Zuhr and Asr prayers in conjunction. Then he moved to plain of Arafat and spent the afternoon in supplication. [ 2 ]
In Islam, Friday prayer, or Congregational prayer [1] (Arabic: صَلَاة ٱلْجُمُعَة, romanized: Ṣalāh al-Jumuʿa) is a community prayer service held once a week on Fridays. [2] All Muslim men are expected to participate at a mosque with certain exceptions due to distance and situation. [ 3 ]
The khatib should be knowledgeable of how to lead the prayer and be competent in delivering the speech (khutba) however there are no requirements of eligibility to become a khatib beyond being an Adult Muslim. Some Muslims believe the khatib has to be male but women do lead Friday prayers in number of places. Women may be khateebahs.