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The Kraków pogrom was the first anti-Jewish riot in post World War II Poland, [1] that took place on 11 August 1945 in the Soviet-occupied city of Kraków, Poland.The incident was part of anti-Jewish violence in Poland towards and after the end of World War II.
A 24-person Jewish board was formed in the city of Kraków and later in the Krakow Ghetto, when the ghetto was formed on March 3, 1941. [22] This Jewish Council was in charge of the inhabitants of the ghetto but received many orders from local Nazi officials, even though it retained some degree of autonomy. Some of its functions included ...
Beginning in 1941, all Jewish inhabitants of Kraków were ordered to relocate into Kraków Ghetto, the newly established ghetto situated in the Podgórze district, away from the predominantly Jewish district of Kazimierz. A German Labour Office was set up for those employed outside the Ghetto. At the beginning of 1942, the entire Jewish ...
Jews applying for identification and work permits, c. 1941 The Kraków Jewish Council (In German: Judenrat) was a 24-person Jewish managerial board formally established in the city of Kraków, Poland by German authorities in December 1939, and later in the Kraków Ghetto when the ghetto was officially formed on March 3, 1941. [1]
Jankel Adler, Polish-Jewish painter; Adolf Behrman, Polish-Jewish painter; Henryk Berlewi, Polish-Jewish painter [31] Alexander Bogen, painter, sculptor, stage designer, book illustrator and a commander partisan during World War II; Aniela Cukier, Polish-Jewish painter; Karl Duldig, Polish-Jewish sculptor; Jacob Epstein, American-British sculptor
The OD were subordinated to the Judenrat (Jewish Council) of each ghetto. The Kraków OD, unlike many other Jewish Police forces, served as willing enforcers of Nazi policies and the Gestapo. [2] [3] Among other duties, they oversaw the liquidation of the Kraków Ghetto and helped transport Jews to Bełżec extermination camp. [4]
The Jewish cemetery, where the Nazis removed all but one of the tombstones, stands on the side of the hill at the eastern end of the camp, near the Grey house. Amon Göth's villa remains there. Another small monument, located near the opposite end of the site, stands in memory of the first execution of (non-Jewish) Polish prisoners in 1939.
Right after World War II a mikvah (ritual bath) was built at the side of the Tempel Synagogue, as the Remah Synagogue's mikvah was no longer able to serve. The mikvah at the Tempel Synagogue is for men only. On Józefa Street, there is the Kowea Itim le-Tora House of Prayer established in 1810. It was once owned by the Society for the Study of ...