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Osteogenesis imperfecta is a group of genetic disorders, all of which cause bone fragility. OI has high genetic heterogeneity , that is, many different genetic mutations lead to the same or similar sets of observable symptoms ( phenotypes ).
These include osteogenesis imperfecta, [63] Multicentric carpotarsal osteolysis syndrome, [69] Multicentric Osteolysis, Nodulosis, and Arthropathy, [70] Marfan syndrome, [63] hemochromatosis, [4] hypophosphatasia [71] (for which it is often misdiagnosed), [72] glycogen storage diseases, homocystinuria, [63] Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, [63 ...
Diagnosis of Bruck syndrome must distinguish the association of contractures and skeletal fragility. Ultrasound is used for prenatal diagnosis. The diagnosis of a neonate bears resemblance to arthrogryposis multiplex congenital, and later in childhood to osteogenesis imperfecta. [1]
It was first discovered in 1972 by Bianchine et al. when they described three families with osteogenesis imperfecta, pseudoglioma, retinoblastoma, and recurrence of bone fractures. [ 8 ] References
A pathologic fracture is a bone fracture caused by weakness of the bone structure that leads to decrease mechanical resistance to normal mechanical loads. [1] This process is most commonly due to osteoporosis, but may also be due to other pathologies such as cancer, infection (such as osteomyelitis), inherited bone disorders, or a bone cyst.
Ehlers–Danlos syndrome - diverse collection of disorders distinguished by the fragility of soft connective tissues and widespread symptoms affecting the skin, ligaments, joints, blood vessels, and internal organs. [5] Osteogenesis imperfecta - hereditary condition marked by reduced bone mass, weakened bones, increased brittleness, and short ...
Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and X-rays with confirmation by genetic testing. [4] Other conditions that can produce similar symptoms include mandibuloacral dysplasia, pyknodysostosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, and Hajdu-Cheney syndrome. [5] Treatment includes supportive measures such as a device to protect the skull and dental care. [5]
The uses of bisphosphonates include the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, Paget's disease of bone, bone metastasis (with or without hypercalcemia), multiple myeloma, primary hyperparathyroidism, osteogenesis imperfecta, fibrous dysplasia, and other conditions that exhibit bone fragility.