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No single mechanism leading to steatosis exists; rather, a varied multitude of pathologies disrupt normal lipid movement through the cell and cause accumulation. [7] These mechanisms can be separated based on whether they ultimately cause an oversupply of lipid which can not be removed quickly enough (i.e., too much in), or whether they cause a failure in lipid breakdown (i.e., not enough used).
Liver regeneration is the process by which the liver is able to replace damaged or lost liver tissue. The liver is the only visceral organ with the capacity to regenerate. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The liver can regenerate after partial hepatectomy or injury due to hepatotoxic agents such as certain medications, toxins, or chemicals. [ 3 ]
Muscle atrophy is the loss of skeletal muscle mass. It can be caused by immobility, aging, malnutrition, medications, or a wide range of injuries or diseases that impact the musculoskeletal or nervous system. Muscle atrophy leads to muscle weakness and causes disability.
Losing weight while also maintaining muscle mass is achievable through a moderate calorie deficit, boosting your physical activity and increasing your intake of protein.
Starvation response in animals (including humans) is a set of adaptive biochemical and physiological changes, triggered by lack of food or extreme weight loss, in which the body seeks to conserve energy by reducing metabolic rate and/or non-resting energy expenditure to prolong survival and preserve body fat and lean mass.
Research is ongoing on the potential use of myostatin inhibitors for motor neuron diseases like spinal muscle atrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [14] Due to myostatin's effect as a negative regulator of bone, its inhibition has also been considered for orthopedic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis .
The transaminases, enzymes abundant in both liver and muscle tissue, are also usually increased; this can lead to the condition being confused with acute liver injury, at least in the early stages. The incidence of actual acute liver injury is 25% in people with non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis; the mechanism for this is uncertain. [4]
This inflammation can induce insulin resistance, leading to a decrease in skeletal muscle strength and mass. Inflammation can also directly cause muscle atrophy by suppressing protein synthesis and inducing the breakdown of proteins. It indirectly affects muscle mass by causing metabolic disorders in the digestive system, liver, and other cells ...