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The phonology of Dari Persian as spoken in Kabul, compared with Classical Persian, is overall more conservative than the accent of Iran's standard register. In this regard Dari Persian is more similar to Tajiki Persian. The principal differences between standard Iranian Persian and Afghan Persian as based on the Kabul dialect are:
The Persian or Dari language functions as the nation's lingua franca and is the native tongue of several of Afghanistan's ethnic groups including the Tajiks, Hazaras, and Aimaqs. [13] Pashto is the native tongue of the Pashtuns , the dominant ethnic group in Afghanistan. [ 14 ]
Middle Persian/Dari spread around the Oxus River region, Afghanistan, and Khorasan after the Arab conquests and during Islamic-Arab rule. [3] [4] The replacement of the Pahlavi script with the Arabic script in order to write the Persian language was done by the Tahirids in 9th century Khorasan. [5]
In Dari and Tajik /a/ is the most common vowel and at the end of a word may be pronounced as /æ/. [a] Unlike Iranian Persian, Dari has 5 long vowels /ɑː/, /eː/, /iː/, /oː/, and /uː/. The Dari vowel /ɑː/ and the Iranian vowel /ɒː/ are, respectively, the unrounded and rounded versions of the same vowel. ('roundedness' refers to the ...
It is an eastern variety of Persian and closely related to Dari, one of the two official Languages of Afghanistan. The primary differences between Dari and Hazaragi are the accents [7] and Hazaragi's greater array of many Turkic and Mongolic words and loanwords [8] [9] [10] [5] Despite these differences, the two dialects are mutually ...
"New Persian" is the name given to the final stage of development of Persian language. The term Persian is an English derivation of Latin Persiānus, the adjectival form of Persia, itself deriving from Greek Persís (Περσίς), [12] a Hellenized form of Old Persian Pārsa (𐎱𐎠𐎼𐎿), [13] which means "Persia" (a region in southwestern Iran corresponding to modern-day Fars province).
The current language policy of Iran is addressed in Chapter Two of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Articles 15 & 16). [2] It asserts that the Persian language is the lingua franca of the Iranian nation and as such, required for the school system and for all official government communications.
Standard Persian (Persian: فارسی معیار) is the standard variety of Persian that is the official language of Iran [5] and Tajikistan [6] and one of the two official languages of Afghanistan. [7] It is a set of spoken and written formal varieties used by the educated persophones of several nations around the world. [8]