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Digiscoping waterfowl Typical uncropped digiscope image; the spotting scope has 20x magnification. Camera focal length is 24 mm; distance to the subject is about 90 meters. Digiscoping is a neologism for afocal photography, using a camera to record distant images through the eyepiece of an optical telescope.
Postcontrast FLAIR of a case of meningitis. It shows enhancement of meninges at the tentorium and in the parietal region, with evidence of dilated ventricles. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) is a magnetic resonance imaging sequence with an inversion recovery set to null fluids.
Although meningitis is a notifiable disease in many countries, the exact incidence rate is unknown. [22] In 2013 meningitis resulted in 303,000 deaths – down from 464,000 deaths in 1990. [86] In 2010 it was estimated that meningitis resulted in 420,000 deaths, [87] excluding cryptococcal meningitis. [42]
Some of the possible symptoms of chronic meningitis (due to any cause) include headache, nausea and vomiting, fever, and visual impairment. Nuchal rigidity (or neck stiffness with discomfort in trying to move the neck), a classic symptom in acute meningitis, was seen in only 45% of cases of chronic meningitis with the sign being even more rare in non-infectious causes.
Brudziński's sign or a Brudziński sign is any of three medical signs, all of which may occur in meningitis or meningism.All three are named after Józef Brudziński. [1] In English, the name is often written without the diacritic (like many borrowed words) (Brudzinski) and is pronounced / b r uː ˈ dʒ ɪ n s k i /.
The area provides a reference unit, for example in reference ranges for urine tests. [3]Used for grading of soft tissue tumors: Grading, usually on a scale of I to III, is based on the degree of differentiation, the average number of mitoses per high-power field, cellularity, pleomorphism, and an estimate of the extent of necrosis (presumably a reflection of rate of growth).
Aseptic meningitis is a common condition, which is caused by many viruses but also from autoimmune etiologies. MRS occurs in 8% of aseptic meningitis cases. Average latencies from the onset of meningeal irritation to urinary symptoms were 0–8 days. However, in some cases, urinary retention precedes fever and headache.
Resolution increases from 20x with an optical microscope to 1500x, comparable to a scanning electron microscope, via a neural lens. [116] These techniques have applications in super-resolving images from positron-emission tomography and fluorescence microscopy. [117]