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  2. Atomic nucleus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_nucleus

    The stable nucleus has approximately a constant density and therefore the nuclear radius R can be approximated by the following formula, R = r 0 A 1 / 3 {\displaystyle R=r_{0}A^{1/3}\,} where A = Atomic mass number (the number of protons Z , plus the number of neutrons N ) and r 0 = 1.25 fm = 1.25 × 10 −15 m.

  3. List of equations in nuclear and particle physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_equations_in...

    t 1/2, T 1/2: Time taken for half the number of atoms present to decay + / / s [T] Number of half-lives n (no standard symbol) = / / dimensionless dimensionless Radioisotope time constant, mean lifetime of an atom before decay

  4. Woods–Saxon potential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woods–Saxon_potential

    Woods–Saxon potential for A = 50, relative to V 0 with a = 0.5 fm and =. The Woods–Saxon potential is a mean field potential for the nucleons (protons and neutrons) inside the atomic nucleus, which is used to describe approximately the forces applied on each nucleon, in the nuclear shell model for the structure of the nucleus.

  5. Nuclear structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_structure

    The liquid drop model is one of the first models of nuclear structure, proposed by Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker in 1935. [5] It describes the nucleus as a semiclassical fluid made up of neutrons and protons, with an internal repulsive electrostatic force proportional to the number of protons.

  6. Shape of the atomic nucleus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_of_the_atomic_nucleus

    The root mean squared (RMS) charge radius of most stable (and many unstable) nuclides have been experimentally determined. [2] If the nucleus is assumed to be spherically symmetric, an approximate relationship between nuclear radius and mass number arises above A=40 from the formula R=R o A 1/3 with R o = 1.2 ± 0.2 fm. [6] R is the predicted ...

  7. Semi-empirical mass formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-empirical_mass_formula

    The formula does not consider the internal shell structure of the nucleus. The semi-empirical mass formula therefore provides a good fit to heavier nuclei, and a poor fit to very light nuclei, especially 4 He. For light nuclei, it is usually better to use a model that takes this shell structure into account.

  8. Nuclear density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_density

    The components of an atom and of a nucleus have varying densities. The proton is not a fundamental particle, being composed of quark–gluon matter. Its size is approximately 10 −15 meters and its density 10 18 kg/m 3. The descriptive term nuclear density is also applied to situations where similarly high densities occur, such as within ...

  9. Nuclear matter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_matter

    Nuclear matter is an idealized system of interacting nucleons (protons and neutrons) that exists in several phases of exotic matter that, as of yet, are not fully established. [2] It is not matter in an atomic nucleus, but a hypothetical substance consisting of a huge number of protons and neutrons held together by only nuclear forces and no ...

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