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It is approximately 24 hours, 39 minutes, 35 seconds long. A Martian year is approximately 668.6 sols, equivalent to approximately 687 Earth days [ 1 ] or 1.88 Earth years. The sol was adopted in 1976 during the Viking Lander missions and is a measure of time mainly used by NASA when, for example, scheduling the use of a Mars rover .
The actual landing site was 0.900778° (19.8 km) east of that, corresponding to 3 minutes and 36 seconds later in local solar time. The date is kept using a mission clock sol count with the landing occurring on Sol 0, corresponding to MSD 47776 (mission time zone); the landing occurred around 16:35 LMST, which is MSD 47777 01:02 AMT.
The Sun is 1.4 million kilometers (4.643 light-seconds) wide, about 109 times wider than Earth, or four times the Lunar distance, and contains 99.86% of all Solar System mass. The Sun is a G-type main-sequence star that makes up about 99.86% of the mass of the Solar System. [26]
There are signs of past cryovolcanic activity, where volatile material such as water are erupted onto the surface, as seen in surface bright spots. [150] Ceres has a very thin water vapor atmosphere, but practically speaking it is indistinguishable from a vacuum. [151] Vesta (2.13–3.41 AU) is the second-largest object in the asteroid belt. [152]
A "termination shock" analogy of water in a sink basin. The termination shock is the point in the heliosphere where the solar wind slows down to subsonic speed (relative to the Sun) because of interactions with the local interstellar medium. This causes compression, heating, and a change in the magnetic field.
Solar cycle 14: 1902 – Jan 4.5 1906 – Feb 107 54 4-1 11-6 Solar cycle 15: 1913 – Jul 2.5 1917 – Aug 176 73 4-1 10-1 Solar cycle 16: 1923 – Aug 9.3 1928 – Apr 130 68 4-8 10-1 Solar cycle 17: 1933 – Sep 5.8 1937 – Apr 199 96 3-7 10-5 Solar cycle 18: 1944 – Feb 12.9 1947 – May 219 109 3-3 10-2 Solar cycle 19: 1954 – Apr 5.1 ...
The galactic year, also known as a cosmic year, is the duration of time required for the Sun to orbit once around the center of the Milky Way Galaxy. [1] One galactic year is approximately 225 million Earth years. [2]
The habitable zone is also called the Goldilocks zone, a metaphor, allusion and antonomasia of the children's fairy tale of "Goldilocks and the Three Bears", in which a little girl chooses from sets of three items, rejecting the ones that are too extreme (large or small, hot or cold, etc.), and settling on the one in the middle, which is "just ...