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If a package declaration is not used, classes are placed in an unnamed package. Classes in an unnamed package cannot be imported by classes in any other package. [3] The official Java Tutorial advises against this: Generally speaking, an unnamed package is only for small or temporary applications or when you are just beginning the development ...
A streamlined version of the java.io package found in the standard edition for doing Input/Output operations. java.lang Contains classes that are essential to the Java language. This package contains standard java types like Integers and Strings as well as basic exceptions, math functions, system functions, threading and security functions ...
This PHP example shows interface implementations instead of subclassing (however, the same can be achieved through subclassing). The factory method can also be defined as publicand called directly by the client code (in contrast to the previous Java example).
In Java, having no keyword before defaults to the package-private modifier. When the class is declared as public, it is accessible to other classes defined in the same package as well as those defined in other packages. This is the most commonly used specifier for classes. However, a class itself cannot be declared as private.
Code from other packages is accessed by prefixing the package name before the appropriate identifier, for example class String in package java.lang can be referred to as java.lang.String (this is known as the fully qualified class name). Like C++, Java offers a construct that makes it unnecessary to type the package name (import).
Packages are a part of a class name and they are used to group and/or distinguish named entities from other ones. Another purpose of packages is to govern code access together with access modifiers. For example, java.io.InputStream is a fully qualified class name for the class InputStream which is located in the package java.io.
This package was added in J2SE 1.2. Java has an expressive system of references and allows for special behavior for garbage collection. A normal reference in Java is known as a "strong reference". The java.lang.ref package defines three other types of references—soft, weak, and phantom references. Each type of reference is designed for a ...
The Java Packager tool is a tool included in the JDK which allows to package Java applications from the command line. It is an alternative to using other packaging tools like Apache Ant. [1] Note that the Java Packager does not automatically produce a Jar file. Many other formats are available, including native executable formats for the platform.