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Another form of logic puzzle, popular among puzzle enthusiasts and available in magazines dedicated to the subject, is a format in which the set-up to a scenario is given, as well as the object (for example, determine who brought what dog to a dog show, and what breed each dog was), certain clues are given ("neither Misty nor Rex is the German Shepherd"), and then the reader fills out a matrix ...
The mortal matrix problem. Determining whether a finite set of upper triangular 3 × 3 matrices with nonnegative integer entries generates a free semigroup. [citation needed] Determining whether two finitely generated subsemigroups of integer matrices have a common element. [3]
In mathematics, a Boolean matrix is a matrix with entries from a Boolean algebra. When the two-element Boolean algebra is used, the Boolean matrix is called a logical matrix. (In some contexts, particularly computer science, the term "Boolean matrix" implies this restriction.) Let U be a non-trivial Boolean algebra (i.e. with at least two ...
The biadjacency matrix of a simple, undirected bipartite graph is a (0, 1)-matrix, and any (0, 1)-matrix arises in this way. The prime factors of a list of m square-free , n -smooth numbers can be described as an m × π( n ) (0, 1)-matrix, where π is the prime-counting function , and a ij is 1 if and only if the j th prime divides the i th ...
Many mathematical problems have been stated but not yet solved. These problems come from many areas of mathematics, such as theoretical physics, computer science, algebra, analysis, combinatorics, algebraic, differential, discrete and Euclidean geometries, graph theory, group theory, model theory, number theory, set theory, Ramsey theory, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations.
This is a list of mathematical logic topics. For traditional syllogistic logic, see the list of topics in logic . See also the list of computability and complexity topics for more theory of algorithms .
An "almost" triangular matrix, for example, an upper Hessenberg matrix has zero entries below the first subdiagonal. Hollow matrix: A square matrix whose main diagonal comprises only zero elements. Integer matrix: A matrix whose entries are all integers. Logical matrix: A matrix with all entries either 0 or 1.
The Wason selection task (or four-card problem) is a logic puzzle devised by Peter Cathcart Wason in 1966. [1] [2] [3] It is one of the most famous tasks in the study of deductive reasoning. [4] An example of the puzzle is: You are shown a set of four cards placed on a table, each of which has a number on one side and a color on the other.