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In the Sixth Schedule areas, the emphasis is on self-rule; tribal communities are granted considerable autonomy, including powers to make laws and receive central government funds for social and infrastructure development. To enable local control, the role of the Governor and the State are subject to significant limitations in the areas. [7]
The tribal areas in other parts of India were covered by a parallel Fifth Schedule with somewhat weaker forms of autonomy. The difference was justified by B. R. Ambedkar in the following words: The tribal people in areas other than Assam are more or less Hinduised, more or less assimilated with the civilisation and culture of the majority of ...
The Provisions of the Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 abbreviated as PESA Act [1] is a law enacted by the Government of India for ensuring self governance through traditional Gram Sabhas for people living in the Scheduled Areas of India. Scheduled Areas are areas identified by the Fifth Schedule of the Constitution of India ...
The Fifth Schedule to the Constitution of India grants special powers to the State Governors to provide autonomy to the Scheduled Tribes, thereby limiting the effect of Acts of the Central and State Legislatures on the Scheduled Areas. [1] [2] [3]
[2] [3] Martin Barnes (1968) proposed a project cost model based on cost, time and resources (CTR) in his PhD thesis and in 1969, he designed a course entitled "Time and Cost in Contract Control" in which he drew a triangle with each apex representing cost, time and quality (CTQ). [4] Later, he expanded quality with performance, becoming CTP.
Project Cost Management (PCM) is the dimension of project management which aims to ensure that a project is completed within its approved budget. [1] [2] It encompasses several specific project management activities including estimating, job controls, field data collection, scheduling, accounting and design, and uses technology to measure cost and productivity through the full life-cycle of ...
03. Delimitation of cantonment areas, local self-government in such areas, the constitution and powers within such areas of cantonment authorities and the regulation of house accommodation (including the control of rents) in such areas. 04. Naval, military and air force works. 05. Arms, firearms, ammunition and explosives. 06.
Cost engineering is "the engineering practice devoted to the management of project cost, involving such activities as estimating, cost control, cost forecasting, investment appraisal and risk analysis". [1] "Cost Engineers budget, plan and monitor investment projects. They seek the optimum balance between cost, quality and time requirements." [2]