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  2. Housekeeping gene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housekeeping_gene

    In molecular biology, housekeeping genes are typically constitutive genes that are required for the maintenance of basic cellular function, and are expressed in all cells of an organism under normal and patho-physiological conditions.

  3. Reference genes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_Genes

    HRT Atlas allows searching of a complete list of reliable candidate reference genes and transcripts for RT-qPCR normalization in more than 120 human and mouse tissues or cell types. The database also offers some empirically validated primers and predicted modifiers (disease and small molecules) of the expression of these reference genes.

  4. Lists of human genes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_human_genes

    List of human protein-coding genes page 4 covers genes SLC17A8–ZZZ3 NB: Each list page contains 5000 human protein-coding genes, sorted alphanumerically by the HGNC -approved gene symbol. Follow the Python code link for information about updates to the list of genes on these pages.

  5. Gene expression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_expression

    A housekeeping gene is a gene that is required to maintain basic cellular function and so is typically expressed in all cell types of an organism. Examples include actin , GAPDH and ubiquitin . Some housekeeping genes are transcribed at a relatively constant rate and these genes can be used as a reference point in experiments to measure the ...

  6. Human genome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genome

    Most human cells are diploid so they contain twice as much DNA (~6.2 billion base pairs). In 2023, a draft human pangenome reference was published. [8] It is based on 47 genomes from persons of varied ethnicity. [8] Plans are underway for an improved reference capturing still more biodiversity from a still wider sample. [8]

  7. Human genetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genetics

    The human genome is the total collection of genes in a human being contained in the human chromosome, composed of over three billion nucleotides. [2] In April 2003, the Human Genome Project was able to sequence all the DNA in the human genome, and to discover that the human genome was composed of around 20,000 protein coding genes.

  8. Human Genome Project - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Genome_Project

    The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific research project with the goal of determining the base pairs that make up human DNA, and of identifying, mapping and sequencing all of the genes of the human genome from both a physical and a functional standpoint.

  9. TPI1 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TPI1

    The anemia in this condition begins in infancy. Since the anemia results from the premature breakdown of red blood cells (hemolysis), it is known as hemolytic anemia. A shortage of red blood cells to carry oxygen throughout the body leads to extreme tiredness (fatigue), pale skin (pallor), and shortness of breath.