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In Brazil and probably also in other countries in their area of distribution, this species is probably the most dangerous rattlesnake. After the fer-de-lance (Bothrops asper), it is the most common cause of snake envenoming. In the first half of the 20th century as well as in the 1950s and 1960s, 12% of treated cases ended fatally.
Bothrops atrox — also known as the common lancehead, fer-de-lance, barba amarilla [3] and mapepire balsain — is a highly venomous pit viper species found in the tropical lowlands of northern South America east of the Andes, as well as the Caribbean island of Trinidad. [2] No subspecies are currently recognized. [4]
The venom of the fer-de-lance is so potent that didelphine opossums (i.e., opossums like the Virginia opossum), which are normally immune to the venom of pit vipers and rattlesnakes, are still capable of succumbing to the venom of this snake. This is especially the case if the opossum is not fully grown (and thus the venom is more concentrated ...
In Brazil, 70-90% of accidents are caused by Bothrops species. The most important are Bothrops asper known as the Fer-de-Lance or Terciopelo, found in Mexico, Central America and north South America, Bothrops atrox or Common lancehead endemic to the Amazon, and Bothrops jararaca found in Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay.
Four species are venomous: two coral snake species (Micrurus spp. [note 1]), the fer-de-lance (Bothrops atrox) and the South American bushmaster (Lachesis muta). The common coral (Micrurus fulvius) is found on at least two of the Bocas Islands: Gaspar Grande and Monos. No venomous snakes inhabit Tobago.
Dr. Giangreco says ticks can prompt local reactions following a bite. The classic rash of Lyme's is called Erythema migrans. "It can be circular or oval shaped and have crusting," Dr. Giangreco says.
A venomous spider bite (like this brown recluse bite) can cause a red or purplish rash radiating from the site of the bite. There are only a few species of spiders in the U.S. that can bite humans.
Lachesis muta, also known as the Southern American bushmaster or Atlantic bushmaster, [3] is a pit viper species found in South America, as well as the island of Trinidad in the Caribbean. Two subspecies are currently recognized, including the nominate subspecies described here.