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The dam is 307 kilometres (191 mi) from the state capital of Fortaleza. [3] It is the largest multiple-use public reservoir in Brazil and the largest dam in Brazil on an intermittent river. [2] [4] The reservoir has 6,700,000,000 cubic metres (2.4 × 10 11 cu ft) capacity, of which 250,000,000 cubic metres (8.8 × 10 9 cu ft) is dead volume. [2]
Many of the dams and reservoirs in Brazil listed below are used primarily used to produce hydroelectric power. Other uses include flood control, irrigation and fisheries.
The dam is 196 metres (643 ft) high, equivalent to a 65-story building. [21] Though it is the seventh largest reservoir in size in Brazil, the Itaipu's reservoir has the highest ratio of electricity production to flooded area. For the 14,000 MW installed power, 1,350 square kilometres (520 sq mi) were flooded.
The Castanhão Ecological Station was created in compensation for the environmental impact of the dam. [2] The ESEC was created by federal decree on 27 September 2001. It is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio). [4] The ESEC is classed as IUCN protected area category Ia (strict nature reserve).
The Three Gorges Dam in Hubei, China, has the world's largest instantaneous generating capacity at 22,500 MW of power. In second place is the Baihetan Dam, also in China, with a capacity of 16,000 MW. The Itaipu Dam in Paraguay and Brazil is the third largest with 14,000 MW of power.
The Billings Reservoir (locally known as Represa Billings) is the largest reservoir in São Paulo, Brazil, covering a total of 127 km 2 (49 sq mi). It is named after Asa White Kenney Billings, the American hydroelectric engineer who was instrumental in building it. The Portuguese word represa also means "dam".
After its completion, with the installation of its 18th turbine, in November 2019, the installed capacity of the dam complex is 11,233 megawatts (MW), which makes it the second largest hydroelectric dam complex in Brazil and the fifth largest in the world by installed capacity, behind the Three Gorges Dam, Baihetan Dam and the Xiluodu Dam in ...
The Santo Antônio Dam is designed as a run-of-the-river hydroelectric dam, power plant, and factory. The dam itself is 13.9 m (46 ft) tall and 3,100 m (10,171 ft) long, creating a reservoir with a surface area of 271 km 2 (105 sq mi), of which 164 km 2 (63 sq mi) is the previously existing river channel.