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Lift-induced drag, induced drag, vortex drag, or sometimes drag due to lift, in aerodynamics, is an aerodynamic drag force that occurs whenever a moving object redirects the airflow coming at it. This drag force occurs in airplanes due to wings or a lifting body redirecting air to cause lift and also in cars with airfoil wings that redirect air ...
Lift-induced drag (also called induced drag) is drag which occurs as the result of the creation of lift on a three-dimensional lifting body, such as the wing or propeller of an airplane. Induced drag consists primarily of two components: drag due to the creation of trailing vortices ( vortex drag ); and the presence of additional viscous drag ...
Lift and drag are the two components of the total aerodynamic force acting on an aerofoil or aircraft.. In aerodynamics, the lift-to-drag ratio (or L/D ratio) is the lift generated by an aerodynamic body such as an aerofoil or aircraft, divided by the aerodynamic drag caused by moving through air.
Approximate theories for the lift distribution and lift-induced drag of three-dimensional wings are based on such analysis applied to the wing's horseshoe vortex system. [123] [124] In these theories, the bound vorticity is usually idealized and assumed to reside at the camber surface inside the wing.
One component of drag is induced drag (an inevitable side-effect of producing lift, which can be reduced by increasing the indicated airspeed). This is proportional to C L 2. The other drag mechanisms, parasitic and wave drag, have both constant components, totalling C D0, and lift-dependent contributions that increase in proportion to C L 2 ...
Parasitic drag is defined as the combination of form drag and skin friction drag. [3] [1]: 641–642 [4]: 19 It is named as such because it is not useful, in contrast with lift-induced drag which is created when an airfoil generates lift. All objects experience parasitic drag, regardless of whether they generate lift.
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The drag coefficient is always associated with a particular surface area. [3] The drag coefficient of any object comprises the effects of the two basic contributors to fluid dynamic drag: skin friction and form drag. The drag coefficient of a lifting airfoil or hydrofoil also includes the effects of lift-induced drag.