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A molten-salt reactor (MSR) is a class of nuclear fission reactor in which the primary nuclear reactor coolant and/or the fuel is a mixture of molten salt with a fissile material. Two research MSRs operated in the United States in the mid-20th century.
A small modular reactor (SMR) based on the LF1, as well as a fuel salt research facility, is planned for the same site. New reactor specifications include: core graphite 3 m tall x 2.2 m wide, 700 °C operating temperature, 60 MW thermal output, and an experimental supercritical carbon dioxide -based closed-cycle gas turbine to convert the ...
Due to the success of both the Aircraft Reactor Experiment (ARE) and Molten Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE), ORNL went on to design a MSDR and a Molten Salt Breeder Reactor (MSBR). The MSDR is a 750 MW th MSR design that uses LiF-BeF 2-ThF 4-UF 4 (71.5-16.0-12.0-0.5 mole %) as the primary fuel salt.
The unit includes all the primary components of the nuclear reactor that operate on the liquid molten fluoride salt fuel: moderator, primary heat exchangers, pumps and shutdown rods. [6] The Core-unit forms the heart of the IMSR system. In the Core-unit, the fuel salt is circulated between the graphite core and heat exchangers.
The power station would contain two 250 MWe small modular reactors. The replaceable reactors are to be removed and replaced every four years. As molten salt reactors, they are designed for the use of fuel in liquid form, which also serves as primary coolant. [4] The fuel would be about 20% enriched uranium tetrafluoride and thorium ...
This allows the benefits of a closed fuel cycle without the expense and proliferation-risk of enrichment/reprocessing plants. Enough fuel for between 40 and 60 years of operation could be included in the reactor during manufacturing. The reactor could be installed below ground, where it could operate for an estimated 100 years. [14]
The fuel was 7 LiF-BeF 2-ZrF 4-UF 4 (65-29.1-5-0.9 mole %). The first fuel was 33% 235 U; later a smaller amount of 233 UF 4 was used. By 1960 a better understanding of fluoride salt based molten-salt reactors had emerged from earlier molten salt reactor research for the Aircraft Reactor Experiment.
MoltexFLEX is a British nuclear energy company developing small modular molten salt reactors.Their reactor designs, termed "FLEX reactors", are stable salt reactors, and feature a hybrid approach whereby fuel assemblies similar to current light water reactors containing the liquid salt fuel mixture are submerged in a pool of liquid salt coolant.