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Wikipedia avoids unnecessary capitalization.In English, capitalization is primarily needed for proper names, acronyms, and for the first letter of a sentence. [a] Wikipedia relies on sources to determine what is conventionally capitalized; only words and phrases that are consistently capitalized in a substantial majority of independent, reliable sources are capitalized in Wikipedia.
The short answer: Because it is not conventional to capitalize these elements across most academic writing (of which encyclopedic writing is a subset). That is, current English does not treat the relevant expressions as proper names (or as associated with proper names) in the ways covered by modern linguistic theory.
Do not capitalize "the" in such cases or when referring to major religious figures or characters from mythology (the Prophet, the Messiah, the Virgin). Common nouns for deities and religious figures are not capitalized (many gods; the god Woden; saints and prophets).
If the French expression is untranslated (not a loanword), follow French capitalization practice. For French: some expressions are not capitalized at all (e.g., fin de siècle), others have a capitalization of the first word. For Spanish, German, and any language usually written in the Latin alphabet the same (or something similar) would apply.
Language names (such as English or Spanish) should always be capitalized, even when used as adjectives ("English literature", for example). Adjectives such as "ancient" should be capitalized when used as part of the name of a language. For example, "Ancient Greek".
Some of these terms should be capitalized in particular contexts, e.g. Native Americans, Aboriginal Australians, and Indigenous in several contexts including Alaska and Canada, and Australia and the Torres Strait Islands. However, it simply is not normal English, no matter how many advocacy pushers fight for it change, to capitalize these terms ...
To the extent that it may be debatable whether a given word should be capitalized, authors should attempt to follow common usage in major publications (e.g. if most authors the west part of Lilliput, when referred to in publications, is typically described as "west Lilliput" or "western Lilliput" then the article should generally use lower case ...
Always capitalized: When using title case, the following words should be capitalized: The first and last word of the title (e.g. A Home to Go Back To) [f] Every adjective, adverb, noun, pronoun, and subordinating conjunction (Me, It, His, If, etc.) Every verb, including forms of to be (Be, Am, Is, Are, Being, Was, Were, Been)