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Unlike the Italian Renaissance where a few wealthy patrons, like the ruling Medici family in Florence or the Pope in Rome, commissioned most of the era's major artistic works, the Northern Renaissance primarily produced art for a prosperous merchant class.
As Renaissance art styles moved through northern Europe, they changed and were adapted to local customs. In England and the northern Netherlands the Reformation brought religious painting almost completely to an end. Despite several very talented artists of the Tudor Court in England, portrait painting was slow to spread from the elite.
Spurred on by social and cultural reforms, the Northern Renaissance saw rapid development in printmaking and oil painting techniques. When did the Northern Renaissance start, what characterizes the distinctive style, and how did this art movement come about?
The Northern Renaissance is a period in which artists north of the Alps—namely, in the Low Countries (the Netherlands and Belgium), Germany, France, and England— adopted and adapted the ideas of the Italian Renaissance.
Northern Renaissance artists revolutionized painting. With their mastery of the oil medium and naturalistic compositions, these seven Renaissance painters had a profound influence on artistic practice across Europe.
The Italian Renaissance, centered in Italy, emphasized classical antiquity, humanism, and naturalism in art, featuring idealized human forms and classical themes, the Northern Renaissance, encompassing Northern Europe, exhibited a more detailed and intricate style with a focus on realism, symbolism, and a broader range of subjects, including ...
This lecture covers the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries in Northern Europe in areas including France, the Netherlands (Dutch art), Germany, and Flanders (Flemish art). It includes pictorial works in a range of media including paintings, prints, and textiles.
In this narrative, Italian art and ideas migrate North from Italy (largely because of the travels of the great German artist Albrecht Dϋrer who studied, admired, and was inspired by Italy, and he carried his Italian experiences back to Germany).
A supremely gifted and versatile German artist of the Renaissance period, Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528) was born in the Franconian city of Nuremberg, one of the strongest artistic and commercial centers in Europe during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.
The Northern European Renaissance began around 1430 when artist Jan van Eyck began to borrow the Italian Renaissance techniques of linear perspective, naturalistic observation, and a realistic figurative approach for his paintings.