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In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, a Markovian arrival process (MAP or MArP [1]) is a mathematical model for the time between job arrivals to a system. The simplest such process is a Poisson process where the time between each arrival is exponentially distributed. [2] [3]
A M/M/1 queue means that the time between arrivals is Markovian (M), i.e. the inter-arrival time follows an exponential distribution of parameter λ. The second M means that the service time is Markovian: it follows an exponential distribution of parameter μ. The last parameter is the number of service channel which one (1).
The Pollaczek–Khinchine formula gives the mean queue length and mean waiting time in the system. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] Recently, the Pollaczek–Khinchine formula has been extended to the case of infinite service moments, thanks to the use of Robinson's Non-Standard Analysis.
[2] The system is described in Kendall's notation where the G denotes a general distribution for both interarrival times and service times and the 1 that the model has a single server. [3] [4] Different interarrival and service times are considered to be independent, and sometimes the model is denoted GI/GI/1 to emphasise this.
Service times have an exponential distribution with rate parameter μ in the M/M/1 queue, where 1/μ is the mean service time. All arrival times and services times are (usually) assumed to be independent of one another. [2] A single server serves customers one at a time from the front of the queue, according to a first-come, first-served ...
The matrix geometric method and matrix analytic methods have allowed queues with phase-type distributed inter-arrival and service time distributions to be considered. [18] Systems with coupled orbits are an important part in queueing theory in the application to wireless networks and signal processing. [19]
It is an extension of an M/M/1 queue, where this renewal process must specifically be a Poisson process (so that interarrival times have exponential distribution). Models of this type can be solved by considering one of two M/G/1 queue dual systems, one proposed by Ramaswami and one by Bright. [2]
where τ is the mean service time; σ 2 is the variance of service time; and ρ=λτ < 1, λ being the arrival rate of the customers. For M/M/1 queue, the service times are exponentially distributed, then σ 2 = τ 2 and the mean waiting time in the queue denoted by W M is given by the following equation: [ 5 ]