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Cancer (♋︎; Ancient Greek: Καρκίνος, romanized: Karkínos, lit. 'crab', Latin for the "Crab") is the fourth astrological sign in the zodiac, originating from the constellation of Cancer.
The astronomical basis of the Hindu lunar months. Also illustrates Adhika Masa (Year 2-Bhadrapada) repeats; the first time the Sun moves entirely within Simha Rashi thus rendering it an Adhika Masa. Twelve Hindu mas (māsa, lunar month) are equal to approximately 354 days, while the length of a sidereal (solar) year is about 365 days.
The solar month of Karkata overlaps with its lunar month Shraavana, in Hindu lunisolar calendars. [4] [5] The Shraavana marks the middle of the monsoon season on the Indian subcontinent, and is preceded by the solar month of Mithuna, and followed by the solar month of Siṃha. [2] The Karkata month is called Adi in the Tamil Hindu calendar. [1]
The festival of Kartik Poornima (Kartika 15/30) falls in this month; it celebrated as Dev Deepavali in Varanasi. This coincides with the nirvana of the Jain Tirthankara Mahavira , the birth of the Sikh Guru Nanak, Guru Nanak Jayanti , and the well-known Ayyappan garland festival for the god of Sabarimala , which is also known as Tripuri Purnima.
The field of Vedanga structured time into Yuga, which was a 5-year interval, [48] divided into multiple lunisolar intervals such as 60 solar months, 61 savana months, 62 synodic months and 67 sidereal months. [49] A Vedic Yuga had 1,860 tithis (तिथि, dates), and it defined a savana-day (civil day) from one sunrise to another. [58]
Mithuna is a month in the Indian solar calendar. [1] [2] It corresponds to the zodiacal sign of Gemini, and overlaps with about the second half of June and about the first half of July in the Gregorian calendar. [1] In Vedic texts, the Mithuna month is called Shukra (IAST: Śukra), but in these ancient texts it has no zodiacal associations. [3]
It stands to reason that during the original naming of these months—whenever that happened—they were indeed based on the nakshatras that coincided with them in some manner. The modern Indian national calendar is a solar calendar, much like the Gregorian calendar wherein solstices and equinoxes fall on the same date(s) every year.
Panchaanga in Kannada Tamil Vakya Panchangam. A panchāngam (Sanskrit: पञ्चाङ्गम्; IAST: pañcāṅgam) is a Hindu calendar and almanac, which follows traditional units of Hindu timekeeping, and presents important dates and their calculations in a tabulated form.