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In 2015 about 6.5 million cases of obstructed labour or uterine rupture occurred. [5] This resulted in 23,000 maternal deaths down from 29,000 deaths in 1990 (about 8% of all deaths related to pregnancy). [2] [6] [9] It is also one of the leading causes of stillbirth. [10] Most deaths due to this condition occur in the developing world. [1]
Methylergonovine: This is an ergot alkaloid and has multiple mechanisms of action to induce fast, regular uterine contractions which leads to sustained uterine contraction. [24] It can cause peripheral vasoconstriction and is contraindicated in patients with hypertension or pregnancy related hypertension. [25]
The decrease in the coordination of uterine smooth muscles cells reduces the effectiveness of contractions, causing the uterus to enter a state of uterine quiescence. [8] During the beginning of labour, contractions may initially be intermittent and irregular, [ 7 ] but will transition into a more coordinated pattern as the labour progresses. [ 7 ]
An obstetric labor complication is a difficulty or abnormality that arises during the process of labor or delivery.. The Trust for America's Health reports that as of 2011, about one third of American births have some complications; many are directly related to the mother's health including increasing rates of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and physical inactivity.
A uterine scar from a previous cesarean section is the most common risk factor. (In one review, 52% had previous cesarean scars.) [ 8 ] Other forms of uterine surgery that result in full-thickness incisions (such as a myomectomy ), dysfunctional labor, labor augmentation by oxytocin or prostaglandins , and high parity may also set the stage for ...
The area of action differs for each effect, contraction occurs in the upper uterine segment while relaxation occurs in the lower uterine segment. [14] Not as efficacious for inducing labor when compared to other prostaglandins. [16] Dinoprost: also known as PGF 2α, is a naturally occurring prostaglandin which causes contraction via PG F ...
On a physical exam, some uterine muscle tightening may be palpable, but there should be no palpable contraction in the uterine fundus and no cervical changes or cervical dilation. [1] Braxton Hicks contractions do not lead to birth. [1] More concerning symptoms that may require assessment by a healthcare professional include: [1]
Uterine hyperstimulation or hypertonic uterine dysfunction is a potential complication of labor induction. This is displayed as Uterine tachysystole - the contraction frequency numbering more than five in a 10-minute time frame or as contractions exceeding more than two minutes in duration. [ 1 ]