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Synthetic setae emulate the setae found on the toes of a gecko and scientific research in this area is driven towards the development of dry adhesives. Geckos have no difficulty mastering vertical walls and are apparently capable of adhering themselves to just about any surface.
Nano tape, also called gecko tape is a synthetic adhesive tape consisting of arrays of carbon nanotubes transferred onto a backing material of flexible polymer tape. These arrays are called synthetic setae and mimic the nanostructures found on the toes of a gecko ; this is an example of biomimicry .
In 2007, researchers from the University of Akron and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute announced they had developed a form of flexible, reusable gecko tape using carbon nanotubes to create microscopic synthetic setae and spatulae capable of supporting a shear stress of 32 N/cm 2, which is four times the strength of a gecko's foot.
Setae on the foreleg of a mayfly. Annelid setae are stiff bristles present on the body. They help, for example, earthworms to attach to the surface and prevent backsliding during peristaltic motion. These hairs make it difficult to pull a worm straight from the ground. Setae in oligochaetes (a group including earthworms) are largely composed of ...
The interactions between the gecko's feet and the climbing surface are stronger than simple surface area effects. On its feet, the gecko has many microscopic hairs, or setae (singular seta), that increase the Van der Waals forces - the distance-dependent attraction between atoms or molecules - between its feet and the surface.
Setae can range in length from a few micrometers to several millimeters. [6] Dipteran outgrowths are acanthae, which are single sclerotized protuberances originating from a single cell. [ 6 ] The acanthae are hollow inside, and some have pores under the terminal plate, which presumably deliver an adhesive secretion directly to the contact area ...
Scopulae, or scopula pads, are dense tufts of hair at the end of a spiders's legs.They are found mostly on hunting spiders, for example Salticidae and Sparassidae.Scopulae consist of microscopic hairs, known as setae, which are each covered in even smaller hairs called setules or "end feet", resulting in a large contact area.
Attachment systems in these organisms have similar structures at their terminal elements of contact, known as setae. Such biological examples have offered inspiration in order to produce climbing robots, [citation needed] boots and tape. [91] Synthetic setae have also been developed for the production of dry adhesives.