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Anti-streptolysin O (ASO or ASLO) is the antibody made against streptolysin O, an immunogenic, oxygen-labile streptococcal hemolytic exotoxin produced by most strains of group A and many strains of groups C and G Streptococcus bacteria. The "O" in the name stands for oxygen-labile; the other related toxin being oxygen-stable streptolysin-S.
Post-streptococcus glomerulonephritis is more often associated with group A strep skin infection than it is with strep pharyngitis, so in a patient with suspected post-strep glomerulonephritis with a negative ASO titer, one can then obtain anti-DNase-B titers which are more sensitive for group A strep and for its various strains.
The Widal test is positive if TO antigen titer is more than 1:160 in an active infection, or if TH antigen titer is more than 1:160 in past infection or in immunized persons. A single Widal test is of little clinical relevance especially in endemic areas such as Indian subcontinent, Africa and South-east Asia.
Each ASO is fully complementary to its target sequence (and will bind strongly), but has a single mismatch against its non-target allele (leading to weaker interaction). The first diagram shows how the "S" probe is fully complementary to the "S" target (top), but is partially mismatched against the "A" target (bottom).
Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples. Reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry (also known as "clinical biochemistry", "chemical pathology" or "pure blood chemistry"), the ...
Because the viruses share some common characteristics, including symptoms, test results are the only way to know exactly the type of virus involved in each case. But it also means that preventing ...
When he began having good results with addicts in his private practice, he brought up the idea of using Suboxone at the 12-step rehabilitation facility where he worked as medical director. His colleagues balked and his superiors declined. Kalfas said he was told he could make his case again during the monthly pharmacists’ meeting.
Cutting back on alcohol is good for your brain. Dr. Purdy says that Damp January can benefit the brain — especially in the short term. She points out that drinking alcohol is linked to a lack of ...