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  2. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxicity_characteristic...

    If they are above these levels the waste must be taken to a hazardous waste disposal facility and the cost of disposal may increase from about $50.00/ton to as much as $1200.00/ton. As extremely contaminated material is expensive to dispose of, grading is necessary to ensure safe disposal and to avoid paying for disposal of "clean fill."

  3. Aqueous normal-phase chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous_normal-phase...

    The hydride surface can also be functionalized with carboxylic acids [2] and long-chain alkyl groups. [2] Mobile phases for ANPC are based on organic solvents as bulk solvents (such as methanol or acetonitrile) with a small amount of water as a modifier of polarity; thus, the mobile phase is both "aqueous" (water is present) and "normal phase ...

  4. Acetonitrile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetonitrile

    Acetonitrile has only modest toxicity in small doses. [11] [19] It can be metabolised to produce hydrogen cyanide, which is the source of the observed toxic effects. [9] [20] [21] Generally the onset of toxic effects is delayed, due to the time required for the body to metabolize acetonitrile to cyanide (generally about 2–12 hours). [11]

  5. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilic_interaction...

    Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, HILIC) [1] is a variant of normal phase liquid chromatography that partly overlaps with other chromatographic applications such as ion chromatography and reversed phase liquid chromatography.

  6. Reversed-phase chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversed-phase_chromatography

    Silica gel particles are commonly used as a stationary phase in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for several reasons, [13] [14] including: High surface area: Silica gel particles have a high surface area, allowing direct interactions with solutes or after bonding of variety of ligands for versatile interactions with the sample molecules, leading to better separations.

  7. High-performance liquid chromatography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-performance_liquid...

    For example, a typical gradient profile in reversed phase chromatography for might start at 5% acetonitrile (in water or aqueous buffer) and progress linearly to 95% acetonitrile over 5–25 minutes. Periods of constant mobile phase composition (plateau) may be also part of a gradient profile.

  8. Ethylamine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylamine

    CH 3 CHO + NH 3 + H 2 → CH 3 CH 2 NH 2 + H 2 O. Ethylamine can be prepared by several other routes, but these are not economical. Ethylene and ammonia combine to give ethylamine in the presence of a sodium amide or related basic catalysts. [5] H 2 C=CH 2 + NH 3 → CH 3 CH 2 NH 2. Hydrogenation of acetonitrile, acetamide, and nitroethane ...

  9. Trichloroacetonitrile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichloroacetonitrile

    Trichloroacetonitrile can be obtained by chlorination of acetonitrile on a zinc, copper and alkaline earth metal halide-impregnated activated carbon catalyst at 200–400 °C with a 54% yield. [ 3 ] The high temperatures required by this process favours the formation of byproducts, such as tetrachloromethane .