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These changes can lead to transgenerational stress inheritance. [1] Epigenetic modifications play a role in the development and heritability of these disorders and related symptoms. For example, regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis by glucocorticoids plays a major role in stress response and is known to be epigenetically regulated.
Mental health in education is the impact that mental health (including emotional, psychological, and social well-being) has on educational performance.Mental health often viewed as an adult issue, but in fact, almost half of adolescents in the United States are affected by mental disorders, and about 20% of these are categorized as “severe.” [1] Mental health issues can pose a huge problem ...
Anxiety/uncertainty management (AUM) theory explores how individuals manage anxiety and uncertainty when interacting with people from different cultural backgrounds. Developed by William B. Gudykunst , AUM theory posits that effective intercultural communication depends on reducing these feelings of anxiety and uncertainty.
The divisions include one scale for adults (AMA-A), one scale for college students (AMAS-C), and the other for the elderly population (AMAS-E). Each scale is geared towards examining situations specific to that age group. For example, the AMAS-C has items pertaining specifically to college students, such as questions about anxiety of the future.
Therefore, this theory suggests that students high in test anxiety will have to allocate more resources to the task at hand than non-test anxiety students in order to achieve the same results. [39] In general, people with higher working memory capacity do better on academic tasks, but this changes when people are under acute pressure. [36]
Though support exists for using the BAI with high-school students and psychiatric inpatient samples of ages 14 to 18 years, [26] the recently developed diagnostic tool, Beck Youth Inventories, Second Edition, contains an anxiety inventory of 20 questions specifically designed for children and adolescents ages 7 to 18 years old. [27]
The SIAS discriminates between social anxiety and general anxiety as it has low associations with trait anxiety (a level of stress associated with an individual personality) and general distress. [8] Beyond identifying those who experience social anxiety of some form, the scale can discriminate within the social anxiety class as well. [1]
For example, in the context of depression, the diathesis-stress model can help explain why Person A may become depressed while Person B does not, even when exposed to the same stressors. [7] More recently, the diathesis-stress model has been used to explain why some individuals are more at risk for developing a disorder than others. [9]