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Neonatal encephalopathy (NE), previously known as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (neonatal HIE or NHIE), is defined as a encephalopathy syndrome with signs and symptoms of abnormal neurological function, in the first few days of life in an infant born after 35 weeks of gestation.
This is a list of major and frequently observed neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), symptoms (e.g., back pain), signs (e.g., aphasia) and syndromes (e.g., Aicardi syndrome). There is disagreement over the definitions and criteria used to delineate various disorders and whether some of these conditions should be classified as ...
Neonatal seizures are comparatively rare and affect 1 or 3.5 in 1000 infants born. [12] They are the most frequent neurological problem in the nursery that is associated with greater risks of morbidity and mortality, [13] [14] often requiring evaluation and treatment in a neonatal intensive care unit. Better care delivered in neonatal care ...
According to him, this reflex should disappear after the infant's first 3–6 months of life. Since then, the Moro reflex has been used to detect early neurological problems in infants. [10] Absence or prolonged retention of Moro reflex can be signs that the infants need neurological attention. [11]
Signs and symptoms vary among people and over time, [1] [3] but include poor coordination, stiff muscles, weak muscles, and tremors. [1] There may be problems with sensation, vision, hearing, and speech. [1] Often, babies with cerebral palsy do not roll over, sit, crawl or walk as early as other children. [1]
Neonatal meningitis is a serious medical condition in infants that is rapidly fatal if untreated.Meningitis, an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes of the central nervous system, is more common in the neonatal period (infants less than 44 days old) than any other time in life, and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally.
Older children and adults with atypical neurology (e.g., people with cerebral palsy) may retain these reflexes and primitive reflexes may reappear in adults. Reappearance may be attributed to certain neurological conditions including dementia (especially in a rare set of diseases called frontotemporal degenerations), traumatic lesions, and strokes.
Assess the patient to determine if other signs and symptoms are present: flushed face, hot, dry skin, low output, concentrated urine, anorexia, constipation, diarrhea, or vomiting. Older children may complain of sore throat, headaches, aching, and nausea, as well as, other symptoms. [17] Pulse should be checked at distal and proximal sites.
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