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The efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, using various distinct photosensitizers, has been studied since the 1990s. [ 9 ] [ 7 ] Most studies have yielded positive outcomes, often achieving disinfection levels, as defined by infection control guidelines, exceeding 5 log 10 (99.999%) of microbial inactivation. [ 14 ]
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a form of phototherapy involving light and a photosensitizing chemical substance used in conjunction with molecular oxygen to elicit cell death (phototoxicity). [ 1 ] PDT is used in treating acne , wet age-related macular degeneration , psoriasis , and herpes .
Dental infections tend to also respond better to photothermal therapy than photodynamic therapy, though both have a strong effect. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] The efficacy of PDT for antimicrobial usage is limited by the properties of the membrane of the target cell such as the electrical gradient ( membrane potential ) and lipid composition.
Photothermal therapy (PTT) refers to efforts to use electromagnetic radiation (most often in infrared wavelengths) for the treatment of various medical conditions, including cancer. This neurotherapy is an extension of photodynamic therapy , in which a photosensitizer is excited with specific band light.
A nursing diagnosis may be part of the nursing process and is a clinical judgment about individual, family, or community experiences/responses to actual or potential health problems/life processes. Nursing diagnoses foster the nurse's independent practice (e.g., patient comfort or relief) compared to dependent interventions driven by physician ...
Examples of medical algorithms are: Calculators, e.g. an on-line or stand-alone calculator for body mass index (BMI) when stature and body weight are given; Flowcharts and drakon-charts, e.g. a binary decision tree for deciding what is the etiology of chest pain; Look-up tables, e.g. for looking up food energy and nutritional contents of foodstuffs
The Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) is a care classification system which describes the activities that nurses perform as a part of the planning phase of the nursing process associated with the creation of a nursing care plan.
Rule-based modeling is a modeling approach that uses a set of rules that indirectly specifies a mathematical model. The rule-set can either be translated into a model such as Markov chains or differential equations, or be treated using tools that directly work on the rule-set in place of a translated model, as the latter is typically much bigger.