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Examples of flowers with much-reduced perianths are found among the grasses. In some flowers, the sepals are fused towards the base, forming a calyx tube (as in the family Lythraceae, [15] and Fabaceae). In other flowers (e.g., Rosaceae, Myrtaceae), a hypanthium includes the bases of sepals, petals, and the attachment points of the stamens.
Floral diagram of Anagallis arvensis. [1]: 307 The dot represents the main axis, green structure below is the subtending bract.Calyx (green arcs) consists of five free sepals; corolla (red arcs) consists of five fused petals.
[14] Compare derived terms such as monadelphous, having stamens growing in a single bunch or tube, for example in Hibiscus, and diadelphous, growing in two bunches. adherent Slightly united to an organ of another kind, [13] usually to a part of another whorl, e.g. a sepal connected to a petal. Contrast adnate. adnate
A diagram showing some kinds of petal or sepal aestivation in flower buds. A: quincuncial; B: twisted, C: cochleate; D: contorted; E: valvate; F: open. Aestivation or estivation is the positional arrangement of the parts of a flower within a flower bud before it has opened.
In other words, the flesh of the fruit develops not from the floral ovary, but from some adjacent tissue exterior to the carpel (for example, from receptacles or sepal). As a general rule, the accessory fruit is a combination of several floral organs, including the ovary. In contrast, true fruit forms exclusively from the ovary of the flower. [1]
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Diagram of flower parts. In botany, floral morphology is the study of the diversity of forms and structures presented by the flower, which, by definition, is a branch of limited growth that bears the modified leaves responsible for reproduction and protection of the gametes, called floral pieces.
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