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In chemistry, a Haworth projection is a common way of writing a structural formula to represent the cyclic structure of monosaccharides with a simple three-dimensional perspective. Haworth projection approximate the shapes of the actual molecules better for furanoses —which are in reality nearly planar—than for pyranoses that exist in ...
The chair conformation of six-membered rings have a dihedral angle of 60° between adjacent substituents thus usually making it the most stable conformer. Since there are two possible chair conformation steric and stereoelectronic effects such as the anomeric effect, 1,3-diaxial interactions, dipoles and intramolecular hydrogen bonding must be taken into consideration when looking at relative ...
The Fischer projection is a systematic way of drawing the skeletal formula of an acyclic monosaccharide so that the handedness of each chiral carbon is well specified. Each stereoisomer of a simple open-chain monosaccharide can be identified by the positions (right or left) in the Fischer diagram of the chiral hydroxyls (the hydroxyls attached ...
2, 3 = Haworth projections. 4 = Mills projection. Every two anomers are designated alpha (α) or beta (β), according to the configurational relationship between the anomeric centre and the anomeric reference atom , hence they are relative stereodescriptors . [ 2 ]
Sir Walter Norman Haworth FRS [1] (19 March 1883 [2] – 19 March 1950) was a British chemist best known for his groundbreaking work on ascorbic acid while working at the University of Birmingham. He received the 1937 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C".
Allulose, also known by its systematic name D-ribo-2-hexulose as well as by the name D-psicose, is a monosaccharide and a ketohexose. [ 2 ] [ 11 ] It is a C3 epimer of fructose . [ 2 ] Fructose can be converted to allulose by the enzymes D -tagatose 3-epimerase ( EC 5.1.3.31 ) and/or D -psicose 3-epimerase ( EC 5.1.3.30 ), which has allowed for ...
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