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The pulse electroplating or pulse electrodeposition (PED) process involves the swift alternating of the electrical potential or current between two different values, resulting in a series of pulses of equal amplitude, duration, and polarity, separated by zero current. By changing the pulse amplitude and width, it is possible to change the ...
When the nozzle approaches the substrate, the meniscus is formed at the nozzle tip, and functions as a confined electrodeposition bath. A two-electrode configuration was employed for the L-PED process, consists of a working electrode (the substrate) and a counter electrode (a metal wire which is inserted within the micropipette).
Metal powder production by electrodeposition is included in this category, or sometimes electrowinning, or a separate category depending on application. [2] Electroplating, the deposition of a layer of one metal on another [2] Electroforming, the manufacture of, usually thin, metal parts through electroplating [2]
Electrodeposition may refer to: Electroplating , a process that uses electric current to reduce dissolved metal cations so that they form a coherent metal coating on an electrode Electrophoretic deposition , a term for a broad range of industrial processes which includes electrocoating, e-coating, cathodic electrodeposition, anodic ...
Excluding the continuous strip plating industry, copper is the second most commonly-plated metal after nickel. [6] Copper electroplating offers a number of advantages over other plating processes, including low metal cost, high-conductivity and high-ductility bright finish, and high plating efficiency.
Electrophoretic Deposition Process. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD), is a term for a broad range of industrial processes which includes electrocoating, cathodic electrodeposition, anodic electrodeposition, and electrophoretic coating, or electrophoretic painting.
Electroless deposition is an important process in the electronic industry for metallization of substrates. Other metallization of substrates also include physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and electroplating which produce thin metal films but require high temperature, vacuum, and a power source respectively. [20]
Pourbaix diagram of iron. [1] The Y axis corresponds to voltage potential. In electrochemistry, and more generally in solution chemistry, a Pourbaix diagram, also known as a potential/pH diagram, E H –pH diagram or a pE/pH diagram, is a plot of possible thermodynamically stable phases (i.e., at chemical equilibrium) of an aqueous electrochemical system.