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Borneo has own a wide variety of bird species. The geological history of Borneo is a major factor: long isolation of the island, broken during the last Ice age, when Borneo was connected to the continent of Asia, led to a combination of Asian and native species. There are about 420 species of birds and 37 are endemic to Borneo [4] [5]
The Bornean mountains EBA (157) comprises 130,000 km 2 (50,000 sq mi) of mountain ranges in Borneo's interior, at an altitude above 500 m (1,600 ft) in elevation. These mountains are found in all three countries which share the island. Two of Borneo's three endemic genera are found here; only the Borneo bristlehead is found at lower elevations.
The mammal species of Borneo include 288 species of terrestrial and 91 species of marine mammals recorded within the territorial boundaries of Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia. The terrestrial mammals are dominated by the chiroptera (102 species of bats ) and rodents (61 species of rats and mice).
There are about 440 freshwater fish species in Borneo (about the same as Sumatra and Java combined). [39] The Borneo river shark is known only from the Kinabatangan River. [40] In 2010, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) stated that 123 species have been discovered in Borneo since the "Heart of Borneo" agreement was signed in 2007. [41]
There is still many undiscovered species in Borneo. One of the recent new species discovered in Borneo is the lungless frog, which can fly. The high level of biodiversity will be formed if there is a small variation in environmental conditions and a moderate amount of disturbance. A stable condition is favored by species if compared to unstable ...
The Javan rusa or Sunda sambar (Rusa timorensis) is a large deer species native to Indonesia and East Timor. Introduced populations exist in a wide variety of locations in the Southern Hemisphere . Rusa is the Malay word for "deer" in general as well as lending to name of its own genus .
The wildlife trade has had a detrimental effect on Indonesia's fauna, including rhinoceroses, orangutans, tigers, elephants, and certain species of amphibians. [ 30 ] Up to 95% of animals sold in markets are taken directly from the wild, rather than from captive breeding stock; and more than 20% of the animals died in transportation. [ 31 ]
B. Bagauda zetteli; Balu bow-fingered gecko; Barbodes xouthos; Barilius borneensis; Bay cat; Betta pallifina; Betta taeniata; Black shrew; Bornean clouded leopard