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Targeted alpha-particle therapy (or TAT) is an in-development method of targeted radionuclide therapy of various cancers. It employs radioactive substances which undergo alpha decay to treat diseased tissue at close proximity. [1] It has the potential to provide highly targeted treatment, especially to microscopic tumour cells.
Alpha radiation is a nuclear phenomenon in which a heavy radionuclide emits an energetic alpha particle (consisting of two protons and two neutrons) and transmutes to a different radionuclide. The emitted alpha particle has a range in tissue of only 40-90 microns, which minimizes collateral damage when used for treatment purposes.
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) uses an antibody labeled with a radionuclide to deliver cytotoxic radiation to a target cell. [1] It is a form of unsealed source radiotherapy.In cancer therapy, an antibody with specificity for a tumor-associated antigen is used to deliver a lethal dose of radiation to the tumor cells.
The resulting decay reaction yields high-energy alpha particles that kill the cancer cells that have taken up enough 10 B. All clinical experience with NCT to date is with boron-10; hence this method is known as boron neutron capture therapy ( BNCT ). [ 1 ]
Cancer treatments are a wide range of treatments available for the many different types of cancer, with each cancer type needing its own specific treatment. [1] Treatments can include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy including small-molecule drugs or monoclonal antibodies, [2] and PARP inhibitors such as olaparib. [3]
Most men should start getting screened when they reach 50, and Black men, people with a family history of prostate cancer, and others with a higher risk should get screened starting at 40.
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Patients and their diseases are profiled in order to identify the most effective treatment for their specific case. Targeted therapy or molecularly targeted therapy is one of the major modalities of medical treatment (pharmacotherapy) for cancer, [1] others being hormonal therapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy.