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Phospholipase D is an important player in many physiological processes, including membrane trafficking, cytoskeletal reorganization, receptor-mediated endocytosis, exocytosis, and cell migration. [8] Through these processes, it has been further implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases : in particular the progression of Parkinson's ...
Phospholipase cleavage sites. An enzyme that displays both PLA 1 and PLA 2 activities is called a phospholipase B. A phospholipase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids [1] into fatty acids and other lipophilic substances. There are four major classes, termed A, B, C, and D, which are distinguished by the type of reaction which they catalyze:
Phosphatidylinositol-glycan-specific phospholipase D is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPLD1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Many proteins are tethered to the extracellular face of eukaryotic plasma membranes by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor.
Cholesterol is a cell signaling molecule that is highly regulated in eukaryotic cell membranes. [1] [2] [3] In human health, its effects are most notable in inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and neurodegeneration. [4]
Common lipid signaling molecules: lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) platelet activating factor (PAF) anandamide or arachidonoyl ethanolamine (AEA). Lipid signaling, broadly defined, refers to any biological cell signaling event involving a lipid messenger that binds a protein target, such as a receptor, kinase or phosphatase, which in turn mediate the effects of these ...
For example, palmitoylation of phospholipase D (PLD) sequesters the enzyme away from its substrate phosphatidylcholine. When cholesterol levels decrease or PIP2 levels increase the palmitate mediated localization is disrupted, the enzyme trafficks to PIP2 where it encounters its substrate and is active by substrate presentation. [18] [19] [20]
Your cholesterol levels, good or bad, serve as an indicator of heart health. But, a recent study shows that if your levels are consistently all over the place, you may be at greater risk for ...
5337 18805 Ensembl ENSG00000075651 ENSMUSG00000027695 UniProt Q13393 Q9Z280 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001130081 NM_002662 NM_001164056 NM_008875 NM_001368667 RefSeq (protein) NP_001123553 NP_002653 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 171.6 – 171.81 Mb Chr 3: 27.99 – 28.19 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Phospholipase D 1 (PLD1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLD1 ...