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A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug. [1] [2] Instead of administering a drug directly, a corresponding prodrug can be used to improve how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted ().
Hypoxia-activated prodrugs are prodrugs that target regions of tumor hypoxia within tumor cells. These types of drugs have the potential, alone and in combination with conventional chemotherapy, of improving cancer therapy.
Benzodiazepine prodrugs (3 P) C. Codrugs (7 P) Corticosteroid esters (80 P) N. Neurotransmitter precursors (1 C, 22 P) S. Sex hormone esters and conjugates (7 C, 37 P)
For example, several types of microneedle patches have been developed for administering vaccines and other medications to reduce the risk of needlestick injury. [ 4 ] [ 8 ] Drug delivery is a concept heavily integrated with dosage form and route of administration , the latter sometimes being considered part of the definition. [ 9 ]
Goal 1: Identify patients correctly. Goal 2: Improve effective communication. Goal 3: Improve the safety of high-alert medications. Goal 4: Ensure safe surgery. Goal 5: Reduce the risk of health care-associated infections. Goal 6: Reduce the risk of patient harm resulting from falls. [2] [4]
When the amino acid is alanine and the phosphate ester is phenyl substituent the groups at the carboxylic acid ester (R 2) that provide the desired submicromolar activity are small alkyl groups and branched alkyl groups, for example, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl and 2-butyl. But cytotoxicity is observed with n-butyl, 2-butyl and n-pentyl ...
A major global trend in cosmetic surgery is the growing acceptability and desire for less invasive treatments. Patients choose less invasive procedures that provide minor modifications with little downtime, indicating a trend towards natural-looking outcomes and rapid recovery times.
Many of the common generic PRO tools assess health-related quality of life or patient evaluations of health care. For example, the SF-36 Health Survey, SF-12 Health Survey, Profile, the Nottingham Health Profile, the Health Utilities Index, the Quality of Well-Being Scale, the EuroQol (EQ-5D), and the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers ...