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The relative length of the digit varies during motion of the IP joints. The length of the palmar aspect decreases during flexion while the dorsal aspect increases by about 24 mm. The useful range of motion of the PIP joint is 30–70°, increasing from the index finger to the little finger.
Swan neck deformity has many of possible causes arising from the DIP, PIP, or even the MCP joints. In all cases, there is a stretching of the volar plate at the PIP joint to allow hyperextension, plus some damage to the attachment of the extensor tendon to the base of the distal phalanx that produces a hyperflexed mallet finger.
Boutonniere deformity is a deformed position of the fingers or toes, in which the joint nearest the knuckle (the proximal interphalangeal joint, or PIP) is permanently bent toward the palm while the farthest joint (the distal interphalangeal joint, or DIP) is bent back away (PIP flexion with DIP hyperextension).
A hand imitating an ulnar claw. The metacarpophalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th fingers are extended and the Interphalangeal joints of the same fingers are flexed.. An ulnar claw, also known as claw hand or Spinster’s Claw, is a deformity or an abnormal attitude of the hand that develops due to ulnar nerve damage causing paralysis of the lumbricals.
Mallet finger is acquired due to injury to the thin extensor tendon that functions to straighten the end (DIP) joint of a finger. [8] Jamming of the finger induces a rupture of the extensor tendon or a broken bone at the tendon's site of attachment. [9] This results in a droopy and crooked appearance of the end joint of the finger, resembling a ...
Abnormal joint proprioception (an impaired ability to locate body parts in space and/or monitor an extended joint) These abnormalities cause abnormal joint stress, meaning that the joints can wear out, leading to osteoarthritis. The condition tends to run in families, suggesting a genetic basis for at least some forms of hypermobility.
In contrast to the volar plates of the MCP joints of the fingers, the volar plate of the thumb MCP joint is a thick structure firmly attached to the base of the proximal phalanx. It forms the bottom of a two-sided box, the sides of which are made up of the collateral ligaments .
The index finger (also referred to as forefinger, [1] first finger, [2] second finger, [3] pointer finger, trigger finger, digitus secundus, digitus II, and many other terms) is the second digit of a human hand. It is located between the thumb and the middle finger. It is usually the most dextrous and sensitive digit of the hand, though not the ...