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A simpler, alternative format to PKCS #12 is PEM which just lists the certificates and possibly private keys as Base 64 strings in a text file. GnuTLS 's certtool may also be used to create PKCS #12 files including certificates, keys, and CA certificates via --to-p12 .
PKCS #7 files may be stored both as raw DER format or as PEM format. PEM format is the same as DER format but wrapped inside Base64 encoding and sandwiched in between ‑‑‑‑‑BEGIN PKCS7‑‑‑‑‑ and ‑‑‑‑‑END PKCS7‑‑‑‑‑. Windows uses the .p7b file name extension [6] for both these encodings.
In cryptography, PKCS #8 is a standard syntax for storing private key information. PKCS #8 is one of the family of standards called Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) created by RSA Laboratories.
The PKCS#10 standard defines syntax, semantics, and binary format for CSRs for use with X.509. It is encoded in ASN.1 with DER format. Here is an example of how you can examine its ASN.1 structure using OpenSSL: openssl asn1parse -i -in your_request.p10. A CSR may be represented as a Base64 encoded PKCS#10; an example of which is given below:
PKCS Standards Summary; Version Name Comments PKCS #1: 2.2: RSA Cryptography Standard [1]: See RFC 8017. Defines the mathematical properties and format of RSA public and private keys (ASN.1-encoded in clear-text), and the basic algorithms and encoding/padding schemes for performing RSA encryption, decryption, and producing and verifying signatures.
PEM data is commonly stored in files with a ".pem" suffix, a ".cer" or ".crt" suffix (for certificates), or a ".key" suffix (for public or private keys). [3] The label inside a PEM file represents the type of the data more accurately than the file suffix, since many different types of data can be saved in a ".pem" file.
OpenSSL is a software library for applications that provide secure communications over computer networks against eavesdropping, and identify the party at the other end. It is widely used by Internet servers, including the majority of HTTPS websites. OpenSSL contains an open-source implementation of the SSL and TLS protocols.
libsodium: Frank Denis: C: Yes: ISC: Sep 13, 2023 (1.0.19) Mbed TLS: Arm Limited: C: Yes: Apache 2.0: 3.0.0 (July 7, 2021; 3 years ago () [21. 2.27.0 (July 7, 2021; 3 ...