Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The field of differential geometry became an area of study considered in its own right, distinct from the more broad idea of analytic geometry, in the 1800s, primarily through the foundational work of Carl Friedrich Gauss and Bernhard Riemann, and also in the important contributions of Nikolai Lobachevsky on hyperbolic geometry and non ...
Vector field; Tensor field; Differential form; Exterior derivative; Lie derivative; pullback (differential geometry) pushforward (differential) jet (mathematics) Contact (mathematics) jet bundle; Frobenius theorem (differential topology) Integral curve
Differential forms are part of the field of differential geometry, influenced by linear algebra. Although the notion of a differential is quite old, the initial attempt at an algebraic organization of differential forms is usually credited to Élie Cartan with reference to his 1899 paper. [1]
A vector field X on M and a vector field Y on N are said to be φ-related if φ ∗ X = φ ∗ Y as vector fields along φ. In other words, for all x in M, dφ x (X) = Y φ(x). In some situations, given a X vector field on M, there is a unique vector field Y on N which is φ-related to X. This is true in particular when φ is a diffeomorphism.
Connections are of central importance in modern geometry in large part because they allow a comparison between the local geometry at one point and the local geometry at another point. Differential geometry embraces several variations on the connection theme, which fall into two major groups: the infinitesimal and the local theory.
Chern's conjecture (affine geometry) Chern's conjecture for hypersurfaces in spheres; Clairaut's relation (differential geometry) Classification of manifolds; Clifford analysis; Closed geodesic; Closed manifold; Cocurvature; Coframe; Complete manifold; Complex manifold; Conformal geometry; Conformal Killing vector field; Connection (affine bundle)
That is, df is the unique 1-form such that for every smooth vector field X, df (X) = d X f , where d X f is the directional derivative of f in the direction of X. The exterior product of differential forms (denoted with the same symbol ∧) is defined as their pointwise exterior product.
More generally, any covariant tensor field – in particular any differential form – on may be pulled back to using . When the map ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is a diffeomorphism , then the pullback, together with the pushforward , can be used to transform any tensor field from N {\displaystyle N} to M {\displaystyle M} or vice versa.