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In 1756, Bihar was part of Bengal. On 14 October 1803, Orissa was occupied by the British Raj. [1] On 22 March 1912, both Bihar and Orissa were separated from Bengal as Bihar and Orissa Province. [2] On 1 April 1936, Bihar and Orissa became separate provinces. [3]
Urdu journalism and poetry have a long history in Bihar, with many poets such as Shaad Azimabadi, Kaif Azimabadi, Kalim Ajiz and Bismil Azimabadi. Bihar publishes many Urdu dailies, such as Qomi Tanzim and Sahara, and the monthly Voice of Bihar. [175] The beginning of the 20th century was marked by a number of notable new publications.
The History of Bihar is one of the most varied in India. Bihar consists of three distinct regions, each has its own distinct history and culture. They are Magadha, Mithila and Bhojpur. [1] Chirand, on the northern bank of the Ganga River, in Saran district, has an archaeological record dating from the Neolithic age (c. 2500 – 1345 BC).
Bihar and Orissa was a province of British India, [1] which included the present-day Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, and parts of Odisha.The territories were conquered by the British in the 18th and 19th centuries, and were governed by the then Indian Civil Service of the Bengal Presidency, the largest administrative subdivision in British India.
Following the partition of Bengal presidency in 1912, Patna became the capital of Bihar and Orissa Province. [23] Until the 19th century, it was a major trading and commercial hub in India. [24] After independence there were a few downturns but its economy was still stable. [25] After the separation of Jharkhand from Bihar, it lost its glory. [26]
Again West Bengal and East Bengal reunited in 1911 but the people of Bihar and Orrisa demanded a separate province based on language rather than religion. In 1912 Bihar and Orissa Province was created separating from Bengal Presidency. In 1936, Bihar and Orrisa Province divided into two new provinces: Bihar Province and Orissa Province.
On 1 April 1936, the Bihar and Orissa Province was partitioned into two separate provinces Bihar and Orissa based on language, though Manbhum continued to remain a part of Bihar. Post-independence , linguistic tensions emerged in the district due to imposition of Hindi language over the native Bengali-speaking majority.
Kunwar Singh, also known as Babu Kunwar Singh was a chief organiser of the Indian Rebellion of 1857 from the Bhojpur region of Bihar. He was originally the ruler of Jagdishpur estate. [2] He led a selected band of armed soldiers against the troops under the command of the British East India Company. [3]