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An example of moss (Bryophyta) on the forest floor in Broken Bow, Oklahoma. Bryophytes (/ ˈ b r aɪ. ə ˌ f aɪ t s /) [2] are a group of land plants (embryophytes), sometimes treated as a taxonomic division, that contains three groups of non-vascular land plants: the liverworts, hornworts, and mosses (Bryophyta sensu lato). [3]
A passing fad for moss-collecting in the late 19th century led to the establishment of mosseries in many British and American gardens. The mossery is typically constructed out of slatted wood, with a flat roof, open to the north side (maintaining shade). Samples of moss were installed in the cracks between wood slats.
The Marchantiophyta (/ m ɑːr ˌ k æ n t i ˈ ɒ f ə t ə,-oʊ ˈ f aɪ t ə / ⓘ) are a division of non-vascular land plants commonly referred to as hepatics or liverworts.Like mosses and hornworts, they have a gametophyte-dominant life cycle, in which cells of the plant carry only a single set of genetic information.
Liverworts can be flat and ribbon-like or leafy. They can reproduce by spore formation or by asexual fragmentation , and photosynthesize to fix carbon from the atmosphere. About 250 moss species have been recorded in biocrust communities, mostly from the families Bryaceae , Pottiaceae , and Grimmiaceae .
Many club-moss gametophytes are mycoheterotrophic and long-lived, residing underground for several years before emerging from the ground and progressing to the sporophyte stage. [4] Lycopodiaceae and spikemosses (Selaginella) are the only vascular plants with biflagellate sperm, an ancestral trait in land plants otherwise only seen in bryophytes.
Pellets are small spherical to ovoid or rod-shaped grains that are common component of many limestones. They are typically 0.03 to 0.3 mm long and composed of carbonate mud ( micrite ). Their most common size is 0.04 to 0.08 mm. Pellets typically lack any internal structure and are remarkably uniform in size and shape in any single limestone ...
Protonemata are characteristic of all mosses, are present in some liverworts under certain conditions [2] but are absent from hornworts. [ citation needed ] The protonemata are composed of two cell types: chloronemata , which form upon germination of the spore, and caulonemata , which later differentiate from chloronemata under the influence of ...
Bryology (from Greek bryon, a moss, a liverwort) is the branch of botany concerned with the scientific study of bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts). Bryologists are people who have an active interest in observing, recording, classifying or researching bryophytes. [1]
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