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Proper application of GD&T will ensure that the part defined on the drawing has the desired form, fit (within limits) and function with the largest possible tolerances. GD&T can add quality and reduce cost at the same time through producibility. According to ASME Y14.5, the fundamental rules of GD&T are as follows, [2]: 7–8
A material condition in GD&T. Means that a feature of size is at the limit of its size tolerance in the direction that leaves the most material on the part. Thus an internal feature of size (e.g., a hole) at its smallest diameter, or an external feature of size (e.g., a flange) at its biggest thickness. The GD&T symbol for MMC is a circled M.
In a technical drawing, a basic dimension is a theoretically exact dimension, given from a datum to a feature of interest. In Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing, basic dimensions are defined as a numerical value used to describe the theoretically exact size, profile, orientation or location of a feature or datum target.
Each feature can have a size, a distance from other features, and an allowed tolerance set for each element. The international language used to describe physical parts is called Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (colloquially known as GD&T).
English: Symbol used in a feature control frame to specify a feature's description, tolerance, modifier: Regardless of feature size (RFS) (Not part of the 1994 version. See para. A5, bullet 3. Also para. D3. Also, Figure 3-8.)
Product and manufacturing information, also abbreviated PMI, conveys non-geometric attributes in 3D computer-aided design (CAD) and Collaborative Product Development systems necessary for manufacturing product components and assemblies.
Tolerance analysis is the general term for activities related to the study of accumulated variation in mechanical parts and assemblies. Its methods may be used on other types of systems subject to accumulated variation, such as mechanical and electrical systems.
The modern standard can trace its roots to the military standard MIL-STD-8 published in 1949. [4] It was revised by MIL-STD-8A in 1953, which introduced the concept of modern GD&T "Rule 1". [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Further revisions have continued to add new concepts and address new technology like computer aided design and model-based definition .