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Hassall's corpuscles (also known as thymic bodies) are structures found in the medulla of the human thymus, formed from eosinophilic type VI thymic epithelial cells arranged concentrically. These concentric corpuscles are composed of a central mass, consisting of one or more granular cells, and of a capsule formed of epithelioid cells.
The thymus may contain cysts, usually less than 4 cm in diameter. Thymic cysts are usually detected incidentally and do not generally cause symptoms. [3] Thymic cysts can occur along the neck or in the chest (mediastinum). [26] Cysts usually just contain fluid and are lined by either many layers of flat cells or column-shaped cells. [26]
In 1989, two scientific groups came up with the hypothesis that the thymus expresses genes which are in the periphery, strictly expressed by specific tissues (e.g.: Insulin produced by β cells of the pancreas) to subsequently present these so-called "tissue-restricted antigens" (TRAs) from almost all parts of the body to developing T cells in order to test which TCRs recognize self-tissues ...
Histology of the thymus showing the cortex and medulla Minute structure of thymus. The ability of T cells to recognize foreign antigens is mediated by the T cell receptor (TCR), which is a surface protein able to recognize short protein sequences ( peptides ) that are presented on MHC .
Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are specialized cells with high degree of anatomic, phenotypic and functional heterogeneity that are located in the outer layer (epithelium) of the thymic stroma. The thymus , as a primary lymphoid organ , mediates T cell development and maturation.
Thymus stromal cells are subsets of specialized cells located in different areas of the thymus. [1] They include all non-T-lineage cells, such as thymic epithelial cells (TECs), endothelial cells, mesenchymal cells, dendritic cells, and B lymphocytes, and provide signals essential for thymocyte development and the homeostasis of the thymic stroma.
Thymic nurse cells (TNCs) are a sub-population of cortical thymic epithelial cells (cTECs). [3] pH91, which is a TNC-specific monoclonal antibody, that can be used to identify TNCs. [2] Thymic nurse cells express both MHC Class I and II antigens, [3] [4] and are found in the cortico-medullary junction in addition to the cortex of the thymus.
The Terminologia Histologica (TH) is the controlled vocabulary for use in cytology and histology. [1] [2] In April 2011, Terminologia Histologica was published online [3] by the Federative International Programme on Anatomical Terminologies (FIPAT), the successor of FCAT. It was intended to replace Nomina Histologica.