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Salvinia molesta, commonly known as giant salvinia, or as kariba weed after it infested a large portion of Lake Kariba between Zimbabwe and Zambia, is an aquatic fern, native to south-eastern Brazil. [1] It is a free-floating plant that does not attach to the soil, but instead remains buoyant on the surface of a body of water.
Salvinia or watermosses [1] is a genus of free-floating aquatic ferns in the family Salviniaceae.The genus is named in honor of 17th-century Italian naturalist Anton Maria Salvini, and the generic name was first published in 1754 by French botanist Jean-François Séguier in Plantae Veronenses, a description of the plants found around Verona. [2]
Cyrtobagous salviniae is a species of weevil known as the salvinia weevil. It is used as an agent of biological pest control against the noxious aquatic plant giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta). The adult weevil is about 2 millimeters long. It is brown in color during its first few days of adult life and soon turns shiny black.
Salvinia minima is a species of aquatic, floating fern that grows on the surface of still waterways. [1] It is usually referred to as common salvinia or water spangles . Salvinia minima is native to South America, Mesoamerica, and the West Indies and was introduced to the United States in the 1920s–1930s. [ 2 ]
Salvinia minima: common salvinia Casuarinaceae (sheoak family) Salvinia molesta: giant salvinia Vitaceae (grape family) Sesbania punicea: rattlebox Asteraceae (aster family) Solanum tampicense: aquatic soda apple Asteraceae (aster family)
Caterpillars of the salvinia stem-borer moth feed on several aquatic plants, primarily Azolla caroliniana (water velvet), Pistia stratiotes (water lettuce), Salvinia rotundifolia (water fern), Salvinia molesta (a water fern), and occasionally Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth). Feeding by colonies of larvae often leads to intensive damage ...
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Giant Salvinia (S. molesta) at different magnifications; in the SEM picture d) the water repelling wax crystals and the four hydrophilic wax free anchor cells at the hair tips are visible. The Salvinia effect describes the permanent stabilization of an air layer upon a hierarchically structured surface submerged in water.